Thomas
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İngilizce - Türkçe
thomas teriminin İngilizce Türkçe sözlükte anlamı
- thomas love peacock
- thomas tavuskuşu aşk
- doubting Thomas
- şüpheci kimse
- doubting thomas
- şüpheci tıp
- doubting Thomas
- (deyim) kuskucu,supheci kimse
- doubting thomas
- herşeyden kuşkulanan tip
İlgili Terimler
Türkçe - Türkçe
thomas teriminin Türkçe Türkçe sözlükte anlamı
- thomas hobbes
- Siyaset biliminin başyapıtlarından bir sayılan Leviathan adlı incelemesi ve bu kitapta geçen insan insanın kurdudur sözüyle ünlü ingiliz düşünür
İlgili Terimler
İngilizce - İngilizce
thomas teriminin İngilizce İngilizce sözlükte anlamı
- An Apostle, best remembered for doubting the resurrection of Jesus
Örnek Cümle:
But Thomas, one of the twelve, called Didymus, was not with them when Jesus came. The other disciples therefore said unto him, We have seen the LORD. But he said unto them, Except I shall see in his hands the print of the nails, and put my finger into the print of the nails, and thrust my hand into his side, I will not believe.
- An infidel (used by Christians in reference to the Apostle)
- A male given name of biblical origin, popular since the 13th century
Örnek Cümle:
goodness we scarcely have a name for the baby yet now all of you must take a vote, all of you, but let's have a nice simple name like Thomas don't you think I hate elaborate names, do please all of you vote for Thomas....
- A patronymic surname
- male first name; family name {i}
- of biblical origin, popular since the 13th century
- American jurist who was appointed an associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court in 1991. Welsh poet known for his bardic voice experiments with syllabic verse. He wrote highly personal poems, such as "Fern Hill" (1946), as well as essays, short fiction, and works for radio, including Under Milk Wood (1954). American Union general who fought at the Battle of Shiloh (1862) and was renowned for his stalwart defense during the Union defeat at Chickamauga (1863). American publisher who founded the Massachusetts Spy, an anti-British newspaper (1770), and produced many books, including the first English Bible printed in the colonies. American radio commentator who was a correspondent during both World Wars, broadcast a nightly news program (1930-1976), and wrote and lectured widely on his travel adventures. American socialist leader. A founder of the American Civil Liberties Union (1920), he was the Socialist Party candidate for President six times between 1928 and 1948. American clockmaker and a pioneer in the mass production of clocks. Adès Thomas Affleck Thomas Aldrich Thomas Bailey Allbutt Sir Thomas Clifford Aquinas Saint Thomas Arne Thomas Augustine Arnold Thomas Bayard Thomas Francis Becket Saint Thomas Thomas à Becket Beecham Sir Thomas James Thomas Bell Benton Thomas Hart Bewick Thomas Blanchard Thomas Booth Edwin Thomas Boulsover Thomas Bowdler Thomas Bradley Thomas Browne Sir Thomas Cardigan James Thomas Brudenell 7th earl of Carlyle Thomas Cech Thomas Robert Chatterton Thomas Chippendale Thomas Thomas Clancy Thomas Campbell Cole Thomas Thomas Connery Conway Thomas Cook Thomas Cosgrave William Thomas Cranmer Thomas Cromwell Thomas earl of Essex Thomas Cruise Mapother IV de Colmar Charles Xavier Thomas De La Warr Thomas West 12th Baron De Quincey Thomas Dewey Thomas Edmund Dongan Thomas 2nd earl of Limerick Dorr Thomas Wilson Dorsey Thomas Andrew Thomas Dorsey Thomas Clement Douglas Eakins Thomas Edison Thomas Alva Eliot Thomas Stearns Erskine of Restormel Thomas Erskine 1st Baron Fairfax of Cameron Thomas Fairfax 3rd Baron Farrell James Thomas Gaddis William Thomas Gainsborough Thomas Gallaudet Thomas Hopkins Germain Thomas Gray Thomas Haliburton Thomas Chandler Hardy Thomas Hendricks Thomas Andrews Hobbes Thomas Hooker Thomas Hutchinson Thomas Huxley Thomas Henry Jackson Charles Thomas Thomas Jonathan Jackson Jefferson Thomas Kuhn Thomas Samuel Kyd Thomas Lawrence Thomas Edward Linacre Thomas Lipton Sir Thomas Johnstone Littleton Sir Thomas Lombardi Vincent Thomas Macaulay Thomas Babington Baron Macaulay of Rothley Macdonough Thomas Malory Sir Thomas Malthus Thomas Robert Mann Thomas Marshall Thomas Riley Thomas Joseph Mboya Merton Thomas Middleton Thomas Midgley Thomas Jr. John Thomas Miner Thomas Hezikiah Mix Moore Thomas More Saint Thomas Morgan Thomas Hunt Morley Thomas Mudge Thomas Muggeridge Malcolm Thomas Müntzer Thomas Thomas Munzer Nashe Thomas Nast Thomas Newcastle under Lyme Thomas Pelham Holles 1st duke of Newcomen Thomas Norfolk Thomas Howard 2nd duke of Norfolk Thomas Howard 3rd duke of Norfolk Thomas Howard 4th duke of Otway Thomas Paine Thomas Peacock Thomas Love Pendergast Thomas Joseph Pinckney Thomas Pride Sir Thomas Pynchon Thomas Quiller Couch Sir Arthur Thomas Raffles Sir Thomas Stamford Rapier James Thomas Reed Thomas Brackett Reid Thomas Rietveld Gerrit Thomas Rowlandson Thomas Rymer Thomas Sackville Thomas 1st earl of Dorset Saint Thomas Sampson William Thomas Shadwell Thomas Sheraton Thomas Sopwith Sir Thomas Octave Murdoch Southampton Thomas Wriothesley 1st earl of Staubach Roger Thomas Strafford Thomas Wentworth 1st earl of William Thomas Strayhorn Suffolk Thomas Howard 1st earl of Sumter Thomas Sydenham Thomas Tallis Thomas Telford Thomas Thomas à Kempis Thomas Hemerken Thomas Clarence Thomas Dylan Marlais Thomas George Henry Thomas Helen Thomas Isiah Lord III Thomas Lewis Thomas Lowell Jackson Thomas Norman Mattoon Thomas Saint Tompion Thomas Traherne Thomas Thomas Wright Waller Watson Thomas John Sr. Thomas Sturges Watson Weelkes Thomas Weller Thomas Huckle Thomas Lanier Williams Wilson Thomas Woodrow Wolfe Thomas Clayton Wolsey Thomas Cardinal Wyat Thomas Sir Thomas Thomas Wyatt Young Thomas Shaughnessy of Montreal and Ashford Thomas George Shaughnessy 1st Baron
- A surname derived from the given name
- a radio broadcast journalist during World War I and World War II noted for his nightly new broadcast (1892-1981)
- Lowry
- United States socialist who was a candidate for president six times (1884-1968)
- Where the parties have included a settlement of vocational rehabilitation rights, a finding that there is a good faith issue that if decided against the claimant would preclude all workers' compensation benefits
- twin, one of the twelve (Matt 10: 3; Mark 3: 18, etc ) He was also called Didymus (John 11: 16; 20: 24), which is the Greek equivalent of the Hebrew name All we know regarding him is recorded in the fourth Gospel (John 11: 15, 16; 14: 4, 5; 20: 24, 25, 26-29) From the circumstance that in the lists of the apostles he is always mentioned along with Matthew, who was the son of Alphaeus (Mark 3: 18), and that these two are always followed by James, who was also the son of Alphaeus, it has been supposed that these three, Matthew, Thomas, and James, were brothers
- A vampire that served the Master in "Welcome to the Hellmouth " He was seen with Darla at The Bronze, hunting for prey to bring to the Master He selected Willow, and was later staked by Buffy, who insulted his outfit by stating, "Live in the now, okay? You look like DeBarge!" Darla also referred to him as being "young and stupid" ("Welcome to the Hellmouth")
- the Apostle who would not believe the resurrection of Jesus until he saw Jesus with his own eyes Welsh poet (1914-1953) a radio broadcast journalist during World War I and World War II noted for his nightly new broadcast (1892-1981) United States socialist who was a candidate for president six times (1884-1968) United States clockmaker who introduced mass production (1785-1859)
- the Apostle who would not believe the resurrection of Jesus until he saw Jesus with his own eyes
- United States clockmaker who introduced mass production (1785-1859)
- Mud of night being also called Jules Would come from the anthem of Pascal time: " Thomas vacuum, empties latus ", that the people sang in the churches at happy time when the clerks more sensitive to the beauty than some abbichons modern, had not put Latin yet at the index in the religious ceremonies
- Welsh poet (1914-1953)
- One of the Twelve Apostles (Matt 10: 3; Mark 3: 18; Luke 6: 15; Acts 1: 13), seldom mentioned in the Synoptics but relatively prominent in the fourth Gospel, where he is called Didymus (twin) (John 11: 16; 20: 24; 21: 2) Unable to believe the other disciples' report of Jesus' resurrection, Thomas is suddenly confronted with the risen Jesus and pronounces the strongest confession of faith in the Gospel (John 20: 24-29)
- Thomas 1st earl of Dorset Sackville
- born 1536, Buckhurst, Sussex, Eng. died April 19, 1608, London English politician and poet. A London barrister, he entered Parliament in 1558. He was a member of the Privy Council (1585) and conveyed the death sentence to Mary, Queen of Scots, in 1586. He later served on diplomatic missions to The Hague and served as lord high treasurer (1599-1608). He was also noted as the coauthor of The Tragedie of Gorboduc (1561), the earliest English drama in blank verse, and for his "Induction," the most famous part of the verse collection A Myrrour for Magistrates (1563)
- Thomas 2nd earl of Limerick Dongan
- born 1634, Castletown, County Kildare, Ire. died Dec. 14, 1715, London, Eng. British colonial governor of New York. A member of an Irish royalist family, he was exiled to France after the English Civil Wars. Recalled to England in 1677, he served as lieutenant governor of Tangiers from 1678 to 1680. As governor of New York (1682-88), he organized the colony's first representative assembly, issued a "Charter of Liberties" in 1683, and pursued a policy of cooperation with the Iroquois Confederacy against the French. He returned to England in 1691
- Thomas A Dorsey
- born July 1, 1899, Villa Rica, Ga., U.S. died Jan. 23, 1993, Chicago, Ill. U.S. songwriter, singer, and pianist, the "father of gospel music. " Born the son of a revivalist preacher, Dorsey was influenced by blues pianists in the Atlanta area. After moving to Chicago in 1916, he appeared under the name of "Georgia Tom," became a pianist with Ma Rainey, and composed secular "hokum" songs (those peppered with risqué double entendres). He wrote his first gospel song in 1919, and in 1932 he abandoned the blues completely and founded the Pilgrim Baptist Church in Chicago. His more than 1,000 gospel songs include "Precious Lord, Take My Hand," "Peace in the Valley," and "If We Ever Needed the Lord Before." He recorded extensively in the early 1930s. Many of his songs were introduced by Mahalia Jackson. He founded and directed the National Convention of Gospel Choirs and Choruses
- Thomas A Hendricks
- born Sept. 7, 1819, near Zanesville, Ohio, U.S. died Nov. 25, 1885, Indianapolis, Ind. U.S. politician. He practiced law in Indiana before serving in the U.S. House of Representatives (1851-55) and Senate (1863-69); he was later governor (1873-77). Though loyal to the Union, he opposed many aspects of the Union's military effort during the American Civil War; he also opposed the Reconstruction program imposed on the South after the war. He favoured leniency toward white supremacists in the South and opposed all legislation aimed at assisting freedmen. He was the Democratic Party nominee for vice president in 1876 (as the running mate of Samuel Tilden) and again in 1884, when he was elected with Grover Cleveland. He died shortly after taking office
- Thomas Adès
- born March 1, 1971, London, Eng. British composer. Trained as a pianist at the Guildhall School, he later attended King's College, Cambridge. Initial recognition came for his virtuoso piano playing, but he started to write music in 1990 (Five Eliot Landscapes) and was instantly acclaimed as a major composer for his inventiveness and remarkably assured technique. His controversial opera Powder Her Face (1995), about a 20th-century divorce scandal, attracted international attention, as did his large symphonic work Asyla (1997)
- Thomas Affleck
- born 1745, Aberdeen, Scot. died 1795, Philadelphia, Pa., U.S. Scottish-born U.S. cabinetmaker. Trained in England, he moved to Philadelphia, where he produced outstanding furniture in the Chippendale style for Gov. John Penn and other leading citizens. The Marlborough-style leg (straight, grooved, with a block foot) and elaborate carving characterize his work
- Thomas Alva Edison
- (1847-1931) American inventor, inventor of the electric light bulb
- Thomas Alva Edison
- a US inventor who made over 1300 electrical inventions, including the microphone, the record player, and equipment for the cinema. He is most famous for inventing the light bulb (=a glass container with a thin wire inside, which produces light by using electricity) (1847-1931). born Feb. 11, 1847, Milan, Ohio, U.S. died Oct. 18, 1931, West Orange, N.J. U.S. inventor. He had very little formal schooling. He set up a laboratory in his father's basement at age 10; at 12 he was earning money selling newspapers and candy on trains. He worked as a telegrapher (1862-68) before deciding to pursue invention and entrepreneurship. Throughout much of his career, he was strongly motivated by efforts to overcome his handicap of partial deafness. For Western Union he developed a machine capable of sending four telegraph messages down one wire, only to sell the invention to Western Union's rival, Jay Gould, for more than $100,000. He created the world's first industrial-research laboratory, in Menlo Park, N.J. There he invented the carbon-button transmitter (1877), still used in telephone speakers and microphones today; the phonograph (1877); and the incandescent lightbulb (1879). To develop the lightbulb, he was advanced $30,000 by such financiers as J.P. Morgan and the Vanderbilts. In 1882 he supervised the installation of the world's first permanent commercial central power system, in lower Manhattan. After the death of his first wife (1884), he built a new laboratory in West Orange, N.J. Its first major endeavour was the commercialization of the phonograph, which Alexander Graham Bell had improved on since Edison's initial invention. At the new laboratory Edison and his team also developed an early movie camera and an instrument for viewing moving pictures; they also developed the alkaline storage battery. Although his later projects were not as successful as his earlier ones, Edison continued to work even in his 80s. Singly or jointly, he held a world-record 1,093 patents, nearly 400 of them for electric light and power. He always invented for necessity, with the object of devising something new that he could manufacture. More than any other, he laid the basis for the technological revolution of the modern electric world
- Thomas Andrew Dorsey
- born July 1, 1899, Villa Rica, Ga., U.S. died Jan. 23, 1993, Chicago, Ill. U.S. songwriter, singer, and pianist, the "father of gospel music. " Born the son of a revivalist preacher, Dorsey was influenced by blues pianists in the Atlanta area. After moving to Chicago in 1916, he appeared under the name of "Georgia Tom," became a pianist with Ma Rainey, and composed secular "hokum" songs (those peppered with risqué double entendres). He wrote his first gospel song in 1919, and in 1932 he abandoned the blues completely and founded the Pilgrim Baptist Church in Chicago. His more than 1,000 gospel songs include "Precious Lord, Take My Hand," "Peace in the Valley," and "If We Ever Needed the Lord Before." He recorded extensively in the early 1930s. Many of his songs were introduced by Mahalia Jackson. He founded and directed the National Convention of Gospel Choirs and Choruses
- Thomas Andrews Hendricks
- born Sept. 7, 1819, near Zanesville, Ohio, U.S. died Nov. 25, 1885, Indianapolis, Ind. U.S. politician. He practiced law in Indiana before serving in the U.S. House of Representatives (1851-55) and Senate (1863-69); he was later governor (1873-77). Though loyal to the Union, he opposed many aspects of the Union's military effort during the American Civil War; he also opposed the Reconstruction program imposed on the South after the war. He favoured leniency toward white supremacists in the South and opposed all legislation aimed at assisting freedmen. He was the Democratic Party nominee for vice president in 1876 (as the running mate of Samuel Tilden) and again in 1884, when he was elected with Grover Cleveland. He died shortly after taking office
- Thomas Arnold
- known as Doctor Arnold born June 13, 1795, East Cowes, Isle of Wight, Eng. died June 12, 1842, Rugby, Warwickshire British educator. A classical scholar, he became headmaster in 1828 of Rugby School, which was in a state of decline. He revived Rugby by reforming its curriculum, athletics program, and social structure (in the prefect system he introduced, older boys served as house monitors to keep discipline among younger boys), becoming in the process the preeminent figure in British education. In 1841 he was named Regius Professor of Modern History at Oxford. In addition to several volumes of sermons, he wrote a three-volume History of Rome (1838-43). He was the father of Matthew Arnold and grandfather of the novelist Mrs. Humphry Ward (1851-1920)
- Thomas Augustine Arne
- born March 12, 1710, London, Eng. died March 5, 1778, London British composer. Son of a London upholsterer, he secretly taught himself instrumental skills and composition with the help of an opera musician. Smitten by the opera, he had an early success with his own first opera, Rosamond (1733), and thereafter concentrated almost exclusively on the theatre. As composer to Drury Lane Theatre and London's great pleasure gardens, he became Britain's leading theatrical composer and, after George Frideric Handel, possibly the finest British composer of the century. Of his approximately 90 theatrical works, the best known are Comus (1738), The Judgment of Paris (1740), and Artaxerxes (1762). His song "Rule, Britannia" became an unofficial national anthem. His sister Susannah (1714-66) was the famous singer and actress known as Mrs. Cibber
- Thomas B Reed
- born Oct. 18, 1839, Portland, Maine, U.S. died Dec. 7, 1902, Washington, D.C. U.S. politician. He served in the Maine legislature and was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives (1877-99). As speaker of the House (1889-91, 1895-99) he introduced procedural changes that strengthened legislative control by the majority party and increased the power of the speaker and the Rules Committee. The Reed Rules were attacked by opponents, who called Reed "Czar Reed" for his vigorous promotion of their passage. Ten years later the speaker's powers were reduced
- Thomas Babington Baron Macaulay of Rothley Macaulay
- born Oct. 25, 1800, Rothley Temple, Leicestershire, Eng. died Dec. 28, 1859, Campden Hill, London English politician, historian, and poet. While a fellow at Cambridge University, Macaulay published the first of his essays, on John Milton (1825), and gained immediate fame. After entering Parliament in 1830, he became known as a leading orator. From 1834 he served on the Supreme Council in India, supporting the equality of Europeans and Indians before the law and inaugurating a national educational system. He reentered Parliament on returning to England in 1838. He published Lays of Ancient Rome (1842) and Critical and Historical Essays (1843) before retiring to private life and beginning his brilliant History of England, 5 vol. (1849-61); covering the period 1688-1702, it established a Whig interpretation of English history that influenced generations
- Thomas Bailey Aldrich
- born Nov. 11, 1836, Portsmouth, N.H., U.S. died March 19, 1907, Boston, Mass. U.S. poet, short-story writer, and editor. Aldrich left school at age 13 and soon began to contribute to newspapers and magazines. He was editor of The Atlantic Monthly 1881-90. He drew on his childhood for his classic children's novel The Story of a Bad Boy (1870). His use of the surprise ending influenced the development of the short story in the U.S. Aldrich's poems reflect New England culture and his experiences visiting Europe
- Thomas Bewick
- born Aug. 12, 1753, Cherryburn, Eng. died Nov. 8, 1828, Gateshead British wood engraver. At age 14 he was apprenticed to a metal engraver, with whom he later went into partnership in Newcastle; Bewick remained there most of his life. He rediscovered the technique of wood engraving, which had declined into a reproductive technique, and brought to it brilliant innovations, such as the use of parallel lines instead of cross-hatching to achieve a wide range of tones and textures. He also developed a method of printing gray backgrounds to heighten the effect of atmosphere and space. Some of his finest works are illustrations for books on natural history. He established a school of engraving in Newcastle
- Thomas Blanchard
- born June 24, 1788, Sutton, Mass., U.S. died April 16, 1864, Boston, Mass. U.S. inventor. In 1818 he invented a lathe capable of turning irregular shapes, such as a gunstock. It duplicated the form of a pattern object by transmitting to the cutting tool the motion of a friction wheel rolling over the pattern. His invention was an essential step in the development of mass production techniques. He produced several successful designs of shallow-draft steamboats, and in 1849 he invented machinery for bending wood into complex shapes such as plow handles and ship's frames
- Thomas Bodley
- {i} (1545-1613) English diplomat and scholar who founded the Bodleian Library
- Thomas Boulsover
- born 1706, Elkington, Derbyshire, Eng. died September 1788, Sheffield British inventor of fused plating ("old Sheffield plate"). As a craftsman of the Cutlers Co. in 1743, while repairing a copper-and-silver knife handle, he discovered that the two metals could be fused and that when the fused metals were rolled in a rolling mill they behaved like a single metal. His invention opened the way to economical production of a great variety of plated objects, from buttons and snuffboxes, which he himself made, to hollowware (e.g., tea sets) and utensils, which were soon manufactured in large quantity by other Sheffield workers
- Thomas Bowdler
- born July 11, 1754, Ashley, near Bath, Somerset, Eng. died Feb. 24, 1825, Rhydding, near Swansea, Glamorganshire, Wales English physician, philanthropist, and man of letters. He is known for his Family Shakspeare (1818), in which, by expurgation and paraphrase, he aimed to provide an edition of the plays suitable for a father to read aloud to his family without fear of offending their susceptibilities or corrupting their minds. The first edition (1807) contained a selection of 20 plays that probably were expurgated by Bowdler's sister, Harriet
- Thomas Bowdler
- {i} (1754-1825) English editor who censored and published Shakespeare's writings for family reading
- Thomas Brackett Reed
- born Oct. 18, 1839, Portland, Maine, U.S. died Dec. 7, 1902, Washington, D.C. U.S. politician. He served in the Maine legislature and was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives (1877-99). As speaker of the House (1889-91, 1895-99) he introduced procedural changes that strengthened legislative control by the majority party and increased the power of the speaker and the Rules Committee. The Reed Rules were attacked by opponents, who called Reed "Czar Reed" for his vigorous promotion of their passage. Ten years later the speaker's powers were reduced
- Thomas Bradley
- born Dec. 29, 1917, Calvert, Texas, U.S. died Sept. 29, 1998, Los Angeles, Calif. Mayor of Los Angeles (1973-93). The son of a sharecropper, he moved with his family to Los Angeles when he was seven and endured poverty after his father abandoned the family. In 1940 he began a 22-year tenure with the city's police department, during which he earned a law degree (1956) by attending night school. In 1963 he became the city's first African American council member, and in 1973 he was elected one of the country's first two African American mayors of a major city (with Coleman Young of Detroit). During five terms as mayor, he helped transform Los Angeles into a bustling business and trading centre, overseeing massive growth and hosting the 1984 Olympic Games. He retired in 1992 after the city was consumed by riots following the acquittal of police officers in the beating of African American motorist Rodney King
- Thomas Cardinal Wolsey
- born 1475, Ipswich, Suffolk, Eng. died Nov. 29, 1530, Leicester, Leicestershire English prelate and statesman. He served as chaplain to Henry VII and later Henry VIII, for whom he organized the successful campaign against the French (1513). On Henry's recommendation, the pope made Wolsey successively bishop of Lincoln (1514), archbishop of York (1514), cardinal (1515), and papal legate (1518). In 1515 Henry appointed him lord chancellor of England, which added to his power and wealth. Wolsey sought to bring peace to Europe, but in 1521 he allied with Emperor Charles V against France. Although he introduced judicial and monastic reforms, he became unpopular for raising taxes. In 1529 he failed to persuade the pope to grant Henry an annulment of his marriage to Catherine of Aragon, for which he soon lost favour and was stripped of his offices except the archbishopric of York. In 1530 he was arrested for treason for corresponding with the French court, and he died on his way to face the king
- Thomas Carlyle
- {i} (1795-1881) Scottish born English essayist and historian who wrote about the French Revolution in 1837
- Thomas Carlyle
- a Scottish writer on political and social subjects, who wrote a famous history of the French Revolution (1795-1881). born Dec. 4, 1795, Ecclefechan, Dumfriesshire, Scot. died Feb. 5, 1881, London, Eng. Scottish historian and essayist. The son of a mason, Carlyle was reared in a strict Calvinist household and educated at the University of Edinburgh. He moved to London in 1834. An energetic, irritable, fiercely independent idealist, he became a leading moral force in Victorian literature. His humorous essay "Sartor Resartus" (1836) is a fantastic hodgepodge of autobiography and German philosophy. The French Revolution, 3 vol. (1837), perhaps his greatest achievement, contains outstanding set pieces and character studies. On Heroes, Hero-Worship, and the Heroic in History (1841) showed his reverence for strength, particularly when combined with the conviction of a God-given mission. He later published a study of Oliver Cromwell (1845) and a huge biography of Frederick the Great, 6 vol. (1858-65)
- Thomas Cech
- born Dec. 8, 1947, Chicago, Ill., U.S. U.S. biochemist, molecular biologist, and Nobel laureate. He received his Ph.D. from UC-Berkeley in 1975. In 1982 he became the first to show that an RNA molecule could catalyze a chemical reaction. He and Sidney Altman were awarded a 1989 Nobel Prize for their independent discoveries that RNA, previously thought to be only a messenger of genetic information, can also catalyze cellular chemical reactions essential to life
- Thomas Chandler Haliburton
- born Dec. 17, 1796, Windsor, Nova Scotia died Aug. 27, 1865, Isleworth, Middlesex, Eng. Canadian writer. He served in the legislature of his native Nova Scotia and later served as a judge of the Supreme Court (1841-54), where he maintained the strong conservatism that informs his writings. He moved to England in 1856 and was a member of Parliament from 1859 until his death. He is best known for creating the character Sam Slick, a Yankee clock peddler and cracker-barrel philosopher whose escapades first appeared in the newspaper Nova Scotian and were later published in The Clockmaker (1836, 1838, 1840) and other volumes
- Thomas Chatterton
- born Nov. 20, 1752, Bristol, Gloucestershire, Eng. died Aug. 24, 1770, London English poet. At age 11 Chatterton wrote a pastoral eclogue on an old parchment and passed it off successfully as a 15th-century work. Thereafter he created more poems in a similar vein, attributing them to a fictitious monk he called Thomas Rowley. After a mock suicide threat freed him from an apprenticeship to an attorney, he set out for London. There he had some success with a comic opera, The Revenge, but when a prospective patron died, he found himself penniless and without prospects and committed suicide at
- Thomas Chatterton
- Considered a precursor of Romanticism, he was praised by such poets as Samuel Taylor Coleridge, John Keats, Lord Byron, and William Wordsworth
- Thomas Chippendale
- (baptized June 5, 1718, Otley, Eng. died November 1779, London) English cabinetmaker. Little is known of his life before 1753, when he opened a showroom and workshop in London. In 1754 he published The Gentleman and Cabinet-Maker's Director, a popular collection of designs illustrating almost every type of domestic furniture. The designs were mostly his improvements on already existing styles. Though much 18th-century furniture is attributed to him, only a few pieces can be assigned with certainty to his workshop. See also Chippendale style
- Thomas Clayton Wolfe
- born Oct. 3, 1900, Asheville, N.C., U.S. died Sept. 15, 1938, Baltimore, Md. U.S. writer. Wolfe studied at the University of North Carolina and in 1923 moved to New York City, where he taught at New York University while writing plays. Look Homeward, Angel (1929), his first and best-known novel, and Of Time and the River (1935) are thinly veiled autobiographies. In The Story of a Novel (1936) he describes his close working relationship with the editor Maxwell Perkins, who helped him shape the chaotic manuscripts for his first two books into publishable form. His short stories were collected in From Death to Morning (1935). After his death at age 37 from tuberculosis, the novels The Web and the Rock (1939) and You Can't Go Home Again (1940) were among the works extracted from the manuscripts he left
- Thomas Cole
- born Feb. 1, 1801, Bolton-le-Moors, Lancashire, Eng. died Feb. 11, 1848, Catskill, N.Y., U.S. British-born U.S. landscape painter, founder of the Hudson River school. After immigrating to the U.S. with his family in 1819, he studied at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts. In 1825 Asher B. Durand began purchasing his work and finding him patrons. After settling in Catskill, N.Y., Cole traveled throughout the northeast making pencil sketches of the scenery, from which he later produced finished paintings in his studio. He is famous for his views of the Hudson Valley, as well as for grandiose imaginary vistas
- Thomas Conway
- born Feb. 27, 1735, Ireland died 1800 General of the U.S. army during the American Revolution. Sent by France to aid the Revolutionary army, he fought in the Battles of Brandywine and Germantown, then was promoted to major general by Congress, against the advice of George Washington. Conway advocated Washington's replacement as commander in chief by Horatio Gates; his "plot," called the Conway Cabal, was exposed, and he was forced to resign
- Thomas Cook
- a British company that sells holidays and also arranges flights, sells foreign money etc. It is one of the oldest companies providing services for travellers and was started in 1841 by Thomas Cook. born Nov. 22, 1808, Melbourne, Derbyshire, Eng. died July 18, 1892, Leicester, Leicestershire British innovator of the conducted tour. A Baptist missionary, in 1841 he arranged for a special train to be run to a temperance meeting; this was probably the first publicly advertised excursion train in England. He began to arrange excursions on a regular basis, and in 1856 he led his first grand tour of Europe. In the early 1860s he became an agent for the sale of travel tickets; with his son, John Mason Cook (1834-99), he founded the Thomas Cook & Son travel agency. In the 1880s the firm also organized military transport and postal services
- Thomas Cranmer
- an English priest who was Archbishop of Canterbury, and who was one of the leaders of the Reformation (=the time when many Christians in Europe left the Catholic religion and started the Protestant religion) in England. When the Catholic Mary I became Queen of England, she ordered Cranmer to be killed by being burned (1489-1556). born July 2, 1489, Aslacton, Nottinghamshire, Eng. died March 21, 1556, Oxford First Protestant archbishop of Canterbury. Educated at the University of Cambridge, he was ordained in 1523. He became involved in Henry VIII's negotiations with the pope over divorcing Catherine of Aragon. In 1533 Henry appointed him archbishop of Canterbury, putting him in a position to help overthrow papal supremacy in England. He annulled Henry's marriage to Catherine, supported his marriage to Anne Boleyn, and later helped him divorce her. After Henry's death in 1547, Cranmer became an influential adviser to the young Edward VI, moving England firmly in a Protestant direction. He wrote the Forty-two Articles, from which the Thirty-nine Articles of Anglican belief were derived. When the strongly anti-Protestant Mary I became queen, Cranmer was tried, convicted of heresy, and burned at the stake
- Thomas Cromwell
- an English politician who became King Henry VIII 's chief adviser, and made laws that gave Henry control of all the churches in England, instead of the Pope. He also organized the Dissolution of the Monasteries (1485-1540)
- Thomas De Quincey
- born Aug. 15, 1785, Manchester, Lancashire, Eng. died Dec. 8, 1859, Edinburgh, Scot. English essayist and critic. While a student at Oxford he first took opium to relieve the pain of facial neuralgia. He became a lifelong addict, an experience that inspired his best-known work, Confessions of an English Opium-Eater (1822), whose highly poetic and imaginative prose has made it an enduring masterpiece of English style. As a critic he is best known for the essay "On the Knocking at the Gate in Macbeth" (1823)
- Thomas Dudley
- {i} (1576-1653) British governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
- Thomas E Dewey
- born March 24, 1902, Owosso, Mich., U.S. died March 16, 1971, Bal Harbour, Fla. U.S. attorney and politician. He became an assistant U.S. attorney in New York in 1931 and was elected district attorney in 1937. His successful prosecution of organized-crime figures won him three terms as governor of New York (1943-55), during which he pursued policies of political and fiscal moderation. He received the Republican presidential nomination in 1944 but was soundly defeated by Franklin D. Roosevelt; nominated again in 1948, he was widely predicted to defeat the incumbent, Harry S. Truman, but Truman retained the vote of farmers and labour to prevail. Dewey retired from politics in 1955 but continued to advise Republican administrations
- Thomas Eakins
- a US painter who used a very realistic style (1844-1916). born July 25, 1844, Philadelphia, Pa., U.S. died June 25, 1916, Philadelphia U.S. painter. After early training at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris (1866-70), he spent most of his life in his native Philadelphia. He reinforced his study of the live model at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts by studying anatomy at a medical college. The Gross Clinic (1875), depicting a surgical operation, was too realistic for his contemporaries but is now seen as his masterpiece. In 1876 he began teaching at the Pennsylvania Academy, but he was forced to resign in 1886 for working with nude models in mixed classes. In addition to numerous portraits, he painted boating and other outdoor scenes that reflect his fascination with the human body in motion. His interest in locomotion led him to the sequential photography of Eadweard Muybridge, and he began producing photographs and sculpture as well as paintings. Perhaps the most outstanding U.S. painter of the 19th century, his work inspired the trend of realism in American painting in the early 20th century
- Thomas Edison
- {i} Thomas Alva Edison (1847-1931), United States inventor, inventor of the electric light bulb
- Thomas Edmund Dewey
- born March 24, 1902, Owosso, Mich., U.S. died March 16, 1971, Bal Harbour, Fla. U.S. attorney and politician. He became an assistant U.S. attorney in New York in 1931 and was elected district attorney in 1937. His successful prosecution of organized-crime figures won him three terms as governor of New York (1943-55), during which he pursued policies of political and fiscal moderation. He received the Republican presidential nomination in 1944 but was soundly defeated by Franklin D. Roosevelt; nominated again in 1948, he was widely predicted to defeat the incumbent, Harry S. Truman, but Truman retained the vote of farmers and labour to prevail. Dewey retired from politics in 1955 but continued to advise Republican administrations
- Thomas Edward Lawrence
- byname Lawrence of Arabia born Aug. 15, 1888, Tremadoc, Caernarvonshire, Wales died May 19, 1935, Clouds Hill, Dorset, Eng. British scholar, military strategist, and author. He studied at Oxford, submitting a thesis on Crusader castles. He learned Arabic on an archaeological expedition (1911-14). During World War I (1914-18) he conceived the plan of supporting Arab rebellion against the Ottoman Empire as a way of undermining Germany's eastern ally, and he led Arab forces in a guerrilla campaign behind the lines, tying up many Ottoman troops. In 1917 his forces had their first major victory, capturing the port town of Al-Aqabah. He was captured later that year, but he escaped. His troops reached Damascus in 1918, but Arab factionalism and Anglo-French decisions to divide the area into British-and French-controlled mandates prevented the Arabs from forming a unified nation despite their victory. Lawrence retired, declining royal decorations. Under the name Ross, and later Shaw, he enlisted in the Royal Air Force (and briefly the Royal Tank Corps). He finished his autobiography, The Seven Pillars of Wisdom, in 1926. He was eventually posted to India; his experiences provided grist for his semifictional The Mint. He died in a motorcycle accident three months after his discharge
- Thomas Erskine 1st Baron Erskine
- born Jan. 10, 1750, Edinburgh, Scot. died Nov. 17, 1823, Almondell, Linlithgowshire Scottish lawyer. He was the youngest son of Henry David Erskine, 10th Earl of Buchan. After service in the British navy and army, he entered the law, and in 1778 he was called to the bar. His practice flourished after he won a seminal libel case, and he went on to make important contributions to the protection of personal liberties. His defense of politicians and reformers on charges of treason and related offenses, including an unsuccessful defense of Thomas Paine (1792), checked repressive measures taken by the British government in the aftermath of the French Revolution. He contributed to the law of criminal responsibility by defending, on the novel ground of insanity, a would-be assassin of George III. He served in Parliament (1783-84, 1790-1806) until elevated to the peerage (1806), and he was lord chancellor (1806-07) in William Grenville's "ministry of all talents." In 1820 he defended Queen Caroline, whom George IV had brought to trial before the House of Lords for adultery in order to deprive her of her rights and title. Erskine's courtroom speeches are characterized by vigour, cogency, and lucidity and often by great literary merit
- Thomas Erskine 1st Baron Erskine of Restormel
- born Jan. 10, 1750, Edinburgh, Scot. died Nov. 17, 1823, Almondell, Linlithgowshire Scottish lawyer. He was the youngest son of Henry David Erskine, 10th Earl of Buchan. After service in the British navy and army, he entered the law, and in 1778 he was called to the bar. His practice flourished after he won a seminal libel case, and he went on to make important contributions to the protection of personal liberties. His defense of politicians and reformers on charges of treason and related offenses, including an unsuccessful defense of Thomas Paine (1792), checked repressive measures taken by the British government in the aftermath of the French Revolution. He contributed to the law of criminal responsibility by defending, on the novel ground of insanity, a would-be assassin of George III. He served in Parliament (1783-84, 1790-1806) until elevated to the peerage (1806), and he was lord chancellor (1806-07) in William Grenville's "ministry of all talents." In 1820 he defended Queen Caroline, whom George IV had brought to trial before the House of Lords for adultery in order to deprive her of her rights and title. Erskine's courtroom speeches are characterized by vigour, cogency, and lucidity and often by great literary merit
- Thomas Fairfax 3rd Baron Fairfax
- born Jan. 17, 1612, Denton, Yorkshire, Eng. died Nov. 12, 1671, Nun Appleton, Yorkshire Commander in chief of the Parliamentary army during the English Civil Wars. His tactical skill and courage helped bring about many Parliamentary victories, including the Battle of Marston Moor. As commander in chief of the New Model Army, he defeated Charles I at the Battle of Naseby. Fairfax disapproved of the purge of Parliament by his soldiers in 1648 and refused to serve on the commission that condemned Charles to death. In 1650 he resigned as commander in chief to protest the proposed invasion of Scotland. In 1658 he helped George Monck restore Parliamentary rule in the face of opposition from the army. He was a member of the Parliament that invited Charles's son to return to England as Charles II
- Thomas Fairfax 3rd Baron Fairfax of Cameron
- born Jan. 17, 1612, Denton, Yorkshire, Eng. died Nov. 12, 1671, Nun Appleton, Yorkshire Commander in chief of the Parliamentary army during the English Civil Wars. His tactical skill and courage helped bring about many Parliamentary victories, including the Battle of Marston Moor. As commander in chief of the New Model Army, he defeated Charles I at the Battle of Naseby. Fairfax disapproved of the purge of Parliament by his soldiers in 1648 and refused to serve on the commission that condemned Charles to death. In 1650 he resigned as commander in chief to protest the proposed invasion of Scotland. In 1658 he helped George Monck restore Parliamentary rule in the face of opposition from the army. He was a member of the Parliament that invited Charles's son to return to England as Charles II
- Thomas Francis Bayard
- born Oct. 29, 1828, Wilmington, Del., U.S. died Sept. 28, 1898, Dedham, Mass. U.S. statesman, diplomat, and lawyer. Born into a prominent political family, he succeeded his father as U.S. senator from Delaware (1869-85). He served as secretary of state (1885-89) and as ambassador to Britain (1893-97), the first U.S. representative to Great Britain to hold that rank. A champion of arbitration, he was critical of the aggressive position of Pres. Grover Cleveland in the dispute with Britain over the Venezuelan boundary (1895)
- Thomas Gainsborough
- (1727-1788) British portrait and landscape painter, creator of "The Mall" and "The Blue Boy
- Thomas Gainsborough
- a British artist famous for his portraits (=pictures of people) , such as 'The Blue Boy', and for his landscapes (=pictures of the countryside) (1727-88). (baptized May 14, 1727, Sudbury, Eng. died Aug. 2, 1788, London) British painter. At 13 he left his native Suffolk to study in London. By 1750, back in Suffolk, he had established a reputation in portraiture and landscape painting. He painted landscapes for pleasure; portraiture was his profession. In 1759 he moved to the fashionable spa of Bath, where his works would be seen by a wider and wealthier public. In 1768 he became a founding member of the Royal Academy of Art. He developed an elegant, formal portrait style inspired by Anthony Van Dyck, whose influence can be seen in such portraits as his famous Blue Boy (1770). In 1774 he moved to London and became a favourite of the royal family, preferred above the official court painter, Joshua Reynolds. His love of landscape came from studying 17th-century Dutch artists and later Peter Paul Rubens, whose influence is evident in The Watering Place (1777). His output was prodigious; he produced many landscape drawings in various media, and in his later years he also created images of seascapes, pastoral subjects, and children
- Thomas George Shaughnessy 1st Baron Shaughnessy
- born Oct. 6, 1853, Milwaukee, Wis., U.S. died Dec. 10, 1923, Montreal, Que., Can. Canadian railway executive. After working as a clerk for the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway, he joined the Canadian Pacific Railway as general purchasing agent (1882), becoming vice president (1891-99), president (1899-1918), and chairman of the board (from 1918). He oversaw the greatest expansion in the railroad's history and added shipping and mining industries to its holdings
- Thomas George Shaughnessy 1st Baron Shaughnessy of Montreal and Ashford
- born Oct. 6, 1853, Milwaukee, Wis., U.S. died Dec. 10, 1923, Montreal, Que., Can. Canadian railway executive. After working as a clerk for the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway, he joined the Canadian Pacific Railway as general purchasing agent (1882), becoming vice president (1891-99), president (1899-1918), and chairman of the board (from 1918). He oversaw the greatest expansion in the railroad's history and added shipping and mining industries to its holdings
- Thomas Germain
- born 1673, Paris, Fr. died Aug. 14, 1748, Paris French silver-and goldsmith. He studied painting as a boy and in 1691 was apprenticed to a silversmith in Rome. From 1706 to the 1720s, back in France, he worked on church commissions, such as a silver-gilt monstrance for Notre-Dame de Paris (1716). He became a master in the guild in 1720, and in 1723 Louis XV appointed him a royal goldsmith. Among his patrons were the queen of Spain, the king and queen of Naples, and the Portuguese court; his workshop produced some 3,000 silver objects for the palace at Lisbon over a 40-year period. He is best known for elaborate objects in Rococo style, though some of his pieces display a more restrained elegance
- Thomas Gray
- an English poet whose best-known work, Elegy written in a Country Churchyard, is usually called Gray's Elegy (1716-71). born Dec. 26, 1716, London, Eng. died July 30, 1771, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire British poet. He studied and later settled at Cambridge, where he wrote poems of wistful melancholy filled with truisms phrased in striking, quotable lines. Though his output was small, he became the dominant poetic figure in his day. He is remembered especially for "An Elegy Written in a Country Church Yard" (1751), one of the best known of English lyric poems and the greatest work of the English "graveyard school." After its overwhelming success, his next two poems met a disappointing response, and he virtually ceased writing
- Thomas Gresham
- {i} Sir Thomas Gresham (1519-1579), English financier and trader
- Thomas H Weller
- born June 15, 1915, Ann Arbor, Mich., U.S. U.S. physician and virologist. He studied at Harvard Medical School. For culturing poliomyelitis virus, which led to the development of polio vaccines, he shared a 1954 Nobel Prize with John Enders (1879-1985) and Frederick Robbins (b. 1916). He was the first (with Franklin Neva) to culture rubella virus and to isolate chickenpox virus from human cell cultures. He served as director of Harvard University's Center for the Prevention of Infectious Diseases (1966-81)
- Thomas Hardy
- a British writer and poet. Many of his novels are set in the countryside of Dorset in the southwest of England, and they often describe the unhappy side of life. His characters are often shown to be struggling against their own feelings and against fate. His best known books include Far From the Madding Crowd, The Mayor of Casterbridge, Tess of the D'Urbervilles, and Jude the Obscure (1840-1928). born June 2, 1840, Higher Bockhampton, Dorset, Eng. died Jan. 11, 1928, Dorchester, Dorset British novelist and poet. Son of a country stonemason and builder, he practiced architecture before beginning to write poetry, then prose. Many of his novels, beginning with his second, Under the Greenwood Tree (1872), are set in the imaginary county of Wessex. Far from the Madding Crowd (1874), his first success, was followed by The Return of the Native (1878), The Mayor of Casterbridge (1886), Tess of the D'Urbervilles (1891), and Jude the Obscure (1895), all expressing his stoical pessimism and his sense of the inevitable tragedy of life. Their continuing popularity (many have been filmed) owes much to their richly varied yet accessible style and their combination of romantic plots with convincingly presented characters. Hardy's works were increasingly at odds with Victorian morality, and public indignation at Jude so disgusted him that he wrote no more novels. He returned to poetry with Wessex Poems (1898), Poems of the Past and the Present (1901), and The Dynasts (1910), a huge poetic drama of the Napoleonic Wars
- Thomas Hardy
- {i} (1840-1928) English short story writer and poet, author of "Tess of the D'Urbervilles
- Thomas Harriot
- {i} (1560-1621) English mathematician and astronomer who founded the English school of algebra and introduced new symbols and notation
- Thomas Hart Benton
- born March 14, 1782, near Hillsborough, N.C., U.S. died April 10, 1858, Washington, D.C. U.S. politician. After moving to St. Louis, Mo. (1815), he became editor of the St. Louis Enquirer. Appealing to agrarian and commercial interests, he won election to the U.S. Senate in 1820. He became a crusader for the distribution of public lands to settlers and was soon acknowledged as the chief spokesman in the Senate of the early Democratic Party. His opposition to the extension of slavery into the West cost him his Senate seat in 1851, though he later served in the House of Representatives (1853-55). His grandnephew was the artist Thomas Hart Benton. born April 15, 1889, Neosho, Mo., U.S. died Jan. 19, 1975, Kansas City, Mo. U.S. painter and muralist. He studied at the Art Institute of Chicago and at the Académie Julian in Paris, where he came into contact with Synchromism and Cubism. In 1912 he returned to the U.S. and settled in New York City. Failing in his attempts at Modernism, he set out to travel through the rural heartland, sketching people and places. In the 1930s he painted several notable murals, including America Today (1930-31) at the New School for Social Research. He often transposed biblical and classical stories to rural American settings, as in Susanna and the Elders (1938). His style, which quickly became influential, is characterized by undulating forms, cartoonlike figures, and brilliant colour. He taught at the Art Students League in New York, where Jackson Pollock was his best-known student
- Thomas Hastings
- {i} (1860-1929) famous United States architect who together with his partner John Merven Carrere founded a prominent architectural firm
- Thomas Henry Huxley
- born May 4, 1825, Ealing, Middlesex, Eng. died June 29, 1895, Eastbourne, Sussex British biologist. The son of a schoolmaster, he earned a medical degree. After working as a surgeon on a surveying expedition in the South Pacific (1846-50), during which he carried out extensive studies of marine organisms, he taught for many years at the Royal School of Mines in London (1854-85). In the 1850s he established his reputation with his important papers on animal individuality, certain mollusks, the methods of paleontology, the methods and principles of science and science education, the structure and functions of nerves, and the vertebrate skull. He was one of the earliest and strongest supporters of Darwinism; his 1860 debate with Bishop Samuel Wilberforce gained widespread attention. In the 1860s Huxley did valuable work in paleontology and classification, especially classification of birds. Later in life he turned to theology; he is said to have coined the word agnostic to describe his views. Few scientists have been as influential over such a wide field of scientific development and as effective in the total movement of thought and action within their own generation
- Thomas Hobbes
- (1588-1679) English philosopher and writer, author of "Leviathan
- Thomas Hobbes
- an English political philosopher. In his book Leviathan he expressed the opinion that, since people think only of themselves and behave badly, it is best if they are ruled by one powerful authority (1588-1679). born April 5,
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